Christ Crucified, Diego Velázquez
Sacraments & Grace

gratia, translating Greek χάρις

Grace

Latin · charis · Eph 2:8-9

God's free, undeserved help and gift of his own life to us — the participation in the life of the Trinity that makes us his adopted children.

favour; a free gift

Grace is favour, the free and undeserved help God gives so that we can respond to his call and share his life. The Catechism describes it as a participation in the life of God, introduced into the soul by Baptism. It is entirely God's initiative; it does not depend on our merit and cannot be earned. The Church distinguishes sanctifying (habitual) grace, the stable gift that makes the soul holy, from actual graces, God's momentary interventions that prompt and sustain us, and speaks also of sacramental graces and of charisms given for the good of others.

Eph 2:8-9Jn 1:16-172 Cor 12:9CCC 1996CCC 1997CCC 1999CCC 2000CCC 2003

Councils

Where the Church settled or debated this. Follow a council to read our article on it, or the decrees themselves.

Sources checked 29 September 2026